revm_precompile/
modexp.rs

1//! Modexp precompile added in [`EIP-198`](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-198)
2//! and reprices in berlin hardfork with [`EIP-2565`](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2565).
3use crate::{
4    crypto,
5    utilities::{left_pad, left_pad_vec, right_pad_vec, right_pad_with_offset},
6    PrecompileError, PrecompileOutput, PrecompileResult, PrecompileWithAddress,
7};
8use core::cmp::{max, min};
9use primitives::{eip7823, Bytes, U256};
10use std::vec::Vec;
11
12/// `modexp` precompile with BYZANTIUM gas rules.
13pub const BYZANTIUM: PrecompileWithAddress =
14    PrecompileWithAddress(crate::u64_to_address(5), byzantium_run);
15
16/// `modexp` precompile with BERLIN gas rules.
17pub const BERLIN: PrecompileWithAddress =
18    PrecompileWithAddress(crate::u64_to_address(5), berlin_run);
19
20/// `modexp` precompile with OSAKA gas rules.
21pub const OSAKA: PrecompileWithAddress = PrecompileWithAddress(crate::u64_to_address(5), osaka_run);
22
23#[cfg(feature = "gmp")]
24/// GMP-based modular exponentiation implementation
25pub(crate) fn modexp(base: &[u8], exponent: &[u8], modulus: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
26    use rug::{integer::Order::Msf, Integer};
27    // Convert byte slices to GMP integers
28    let base_int = Integer::from_digits(base, Msf);
29    let exp_int = Integer::from_digits(exponent, Msf);
30    let mod_int = Integer::from_digits(modulus, Msf);
31
32    // Perform modular exponentiation using GMP's pow_mod
33    let result = base_int.pow_mod(&exp_int, &mod_int).unwrap_or_default();
34
35    // Convert result back to bytes
36    let byte_count = result.significant_bits().div_ceil(8);
37    let mut output = vec![0u8; byte_count as usize];
38    result.write_digits(&mut output, Msf);
39    output
40}
41
42#[cfg(not(feature = "gmp"))]
43pub(crate) fn modexp(base: &[u8], exponent: &[u8], modulus: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
44    aurora_engine_modexp::modexp(base, exponent, modulus)
45}
46
47/// See: <https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-198>
48/// See: <https://etherscan.io/address/0000000000000000000000000000000000000005>
49pub fn byzantium_run(input: &[u8], gas_limit: u64) -> PrecompileResult {
50    run_inner::<_, false>(input, gas_limit, 0, |a, b, c, d| {
51        byzantium_gas_calc(a, b, c, d)
52    })
53}
54
55/// See: <https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2565>
56/// Gas cost of berlin is modified from byzantium.
57pub fn berlin_run(input: &[u8], gas_limit: u64) -> PrecompileResult {
58    run_inner::<_, false>(input, gas_limit, 200, |a, b, c, d| {
59        berlin_gas_calc(a, b, c, d)
60    })
61}
62
63/// See: <https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7823>
64/// Gas cost of berlin is modified from byzantium.
65pub fn osaka_run(input: &[u8], gas_limit: u64) -> PrecompileResult {
66    run_inner::<_, true>(input, gas_limit, 500, |a, b, c, d| {
67        osaka_gas_calc(a, b, c, d)
68    })
69}
70
71/// Calculate the iteration count for the modexp precompile.
72pub fn calculate_iteration_count<const MULTIPLIER: u64>(exp_length: u64, exp_highp: &U256) -> u64 {
73    let mut iteration_count: u64 = 0;
74
75    if exp_length <= 32 && exp_highp.is_zero() {
76        iteration_count = 0;
77    } else if exp_length <= 32 {
78        iteration_count = exp_highp.bit_len() as u64 - 1;
79    } else if exp_length > 32 {
80        iteration_count = (MULTIPLIER.saturating_mul(exp_length - 32))
81            .saturating_add(max(1, exp_highp.bit_len() as u64) - 1);
82    }
83
84    max(iteration_count, 1)
85}
86
87/// Run the modexp precompile.
88pub fn run_inner<F, const OSAKA: bool>(
89    input: &[u8],
90    gas_limit: u64,
91    min_gas: u64,
92    calc_gas: F,
93) -> PrecompileResult
94where
95    F: FnOnce(u64, u64, u64, &U256) -> u64,
96{
97    // If there is no minimum gas, return error.
98    if min_gas > gas_limit {
99        return Err(PrecompileError::OutOfGas);
100    }
101
102    // The format of input is:
103    // <length_of_BASE> <length_of_EXPONENT> <length_of_MODULUS> <BASE> <EXPONENT> <MODULUS>
104    // Where every length is a 32-byte left-padded integer representing the number of bytes
105    // to be taken up by the next value.
106    const HEADER_LENGTH: usize = 96;
107
108    // Extract the header
109    let base_len = U256::from_be_bytes(right_pad_with_offset::<32>(input, 0).into_owned());
110    let exp_len = U256::from_be_bytes(right_pad_with_offset::<32>(input, 32).into_owned());
111    let mod_len = U256::from_be_bytes(right_pad_with_offset::<32>(input, 64).into_owned());
112
113    // Cast base and modulus to usize, it does not make sense to handle larger values
114    let base_len =
115        usize::try_from(base_len).map_err(|_| PrecompileError::ModexpEip7823LimitSize)?;
116    let mod_len = usize::try_from(mod_len).map_err(|_| PrecompileError::ModexpEip7823LimitSize)?;
117    // cast exp len to the max size, it will fail later in gas calculation if it is too large.
118    let exp_len = usize::try_from(exp_len).unwrap_or(usize::MAX);
119
120    // for EIP-7823 we need to check size of imputs
121    if OSAKA
122        && (base_len > eip7823::INPUT_SIZE_LIMIT
123            || mod_len > eip7823::INPUT_SIZE_LIMIT
124            || exp_len > eip7823::INPUT_SIZE_LIMIT)
125    {
126        return Err(PrecompileError::ModexpEip7823LimitSize);
127    }
128
129    // special case for both base and mod length being 0.
130    if base_len == 0 && mod_len == 0 {
131        return Ok(PrecompileOutput::new(min_gas, Bytes::new()));
132    }
133
134    // Used to extract ADJUSTED_EXPONENT_LENGTH.
135    let exp_highp_len = min(exp_len, 32);
136
137    // Throw away the header data as we already extracted lengths.
138    let input = input.get(HEADER_LENGTH..).unwrap_or_default();
139
140    let exp_highp = {
141        // Get right padded bytes so if data.len is less then exp_len we will get right padded zeroes.
142        let right_padded_highp = right_pad_with_offset::<32>(input, base_len);
143        // If exp_len is less then 32 bytes get only exp_len bytes and do left padding.
144        let out = left_pad::<32>(&right_padded_highp[..exp_highp_len]);
145        U256::from_be_bytes(out.into_owned())
146    };
147
148    // Check if we have enough gas.
149    let gas_cost = calc_gas(base_len as u64, exp_len as u64, mod_len as u64, &exp_highp);
150    if gas_cost > gas_limit {
151        return Err(PrecompileError::OutOfGas);
152    }
153
154    // Padding is needed if the input does not contain all 3 values.
155    let input_len = base_len.saturating_add(exp_len).saturating_add(mod_len);
156    let input = right_pad_vec(input, input_len);
157    let (base, input) = input.split_at(base_len);
158    let (exponent, modulus) = input.split_at(exp_len);
159    debug_assert_eq!(modulus.len(), mod_len);
160
161    // Call the modexp.
162    let output = crypto().modexp(base, exponent, modulus)?;
163
164    // Left pad the result to modulus length. bytes will always by less or equal to modulus length.
165    Ok(PrecompileOutput::new(
166        gas_cost,
167        left_pad_vec(&output, mod_len).into_owned().into(),
168    ))
169}
170
171/// Calculate the gas cost for the modexp precompile with BYZANTIUM gas rules.
172pub fn byzantium_gas_calc(base_len: u64, exp_len: u64, mod_len: u64, exp_highp: &U256) -> u64 {
173    gas_calc::<0, 8, 20, _>(base_len, exp_len, mod_len, exp_highp, |max_len| -> U256 {
174        // Output of this function is bounded by 2^128
175        if max_len <= 64 {
176            U256::from(max_len * max_len)
177        } else if max_len <= 1_024 {
178            U256::from(max_len * max_len / 4 + 96 * max_len - 3_072)
179        } else {
180            // Up-cast to avoid overflow
181            let x = U256::from(max_len);
182            let x_sq = x * x; // x < 2^64 => x*x < 2^128 < 2^256 (no overflow)
183            x_sq / U256::from(16) + U256::from(480) * x - U256::from(199_680)
184        }
185    })
186}
187
188/// Calculate gas cost according to EIP 2565:
189/// <https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2565>
190pub fn berlin_gas_calc(base_len: u64, exp_len: u64, mod_len: u64, exp_highp: &U256) -> u64 {
191    gas_calc::<200, 8, 3, _>(base_len, exp_len, mod_len, exp_highp, |max_len| -> U256 {
192        let words = U256::from(max_len.div_ceil(8));
193        words * words
194    })
195}
196
197/// Calculate gas cost according to EIP-7883:
198/// <https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7883>
199///
200/// There are three changes:
201/// 1. Increase minimal price from 200 to 500
202/// 2. Increase cost when exponent is larger than 32 bytes
203/// 3. Increase cost when base or modulus is larger than 32 bytes
204pub fn osaka_gas_calc(base_len: u64, exp_len: u64, mod_len: u64, exp_highp: &U256) -> u64 {
205    gas_calc::<500, 16, 1, _>(base_len, exp_len, mod_len, exp_highp, |max_len| -> U256 {
206        if max_len <= 32 {
207            return U256::from(16); // multiplication_complexity = 16
208        }
209
210        let words = U256::from(max_len.div_ceil(8));
211        words * words * U256::from(2) // multiplication_complexity = 2 * words**2
212    })
213}
214
215/// Calculate gas cost.
216pub fn gas_calc<const MIN_PRICE: u64, const MULTIPLIER: u64, const GAS_DIVISOR: u64, F>(
217    base_len: u64,
218    exp_len: u64,
219    mod_len: u64,
220    exp_highp: &U256,
221    calculate_multiplication_complexity: F,
222) -> u64
223where
224    F: Fn(u64) -> U256,
225{
226    let multiplication_complexity = calculate_multiplication_complexity(max(base_len, mod_len));
227    let iteration_count = calculate_iteration_count::<MULTIPLIER>(exp_len, exp_highp);
228    let gas = (multiplication_complexity * U256::from(iteration_count)) / U256::from(GAS_DIVISOR);
229    max(MIN_PRICE, gas.saturating_to())
230}
231
232#[cfg(test)]
233mod tests {
234    use super::*;
235    use primitives::hex;
236    use std::vec::Vec;
237
238    struct Test {
239        input: &'static str,
240        expected: &'static str,
241        name: &'static str,
242    }
243
244    const TESTS: [Test; 19] = [
245        Test {
246            input: "\
247            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000064\
248            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000064\
249            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000064\
250            5442ddc2b70f66c1f6d2b296c0a875be7eddd0a80958cbc7425f1899ccf90511\
251            a5c318226e48ee23f130b44dc17a691ce66be5da18b85ed7943535b205aa125e\
252            9f59294a00f05155c23e97dac6b3a00b0c63c8411bf815fc183b420b4d9dc5f7\
253            15040d5c60957f52d334b843197adec58c131c907cd96059fc5adce9dda351b5\
254            df3d666fcf3eb63c46851c1816e323f2119ebdf5ef35",
255            expected: "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
256            name: "eth_tests_modexp_modsize0_returndatasizeFiller",
257        },
258        Test {
259            input: "\
260            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
261            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020\
262            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020\
263            03\
264            fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffc2e\
265            ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff2f",
266            expected: "162ead82cadefaeaf6e9283248fdf2f2845f6396f6f17c4d5a39f820b6f6b5f9",
267            name: "eth_tests_create2callPrecompiles_test0_berlin",
268        },
269        Test {
270            input: "\
271            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
272            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020\
273            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020\
274            03\
275            fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffc2e\
276            fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffc2f",
277            expected: "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001",
278            name: "eip198_example_1",
279        },
280        Test {
281            input: "\
282            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000\
283            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020\
284            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020\
285            fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffc2e\
286            fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffc2f",
287            expected: "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
288            name: "eip198_example_2",
289        },
290        Test {
291            input: "\
292            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040\
293            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
294            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040\
295            e09ad9675465c53a109fac66a445c91b292d2bb2c5268addb30cd82f80fcb003\
296            3ff97c80a5fc6f39193ae969c6ede6710a6b7ac27078a06d90ef1c72e5c85fb5\
297            02fc9e1f6beb81516545975218075ec2af118cd8798df6e08a147c60fd6095ac\
298            2bb02c2908cf4dd7c81f11c289e4bce98f3553768f392a80ce22bf5c4f4a248c\
299            6b",
300            expected: "60008f1614cc01dcfb6bfb09c625cf90b47d4468db81b5f8b7a39d42f332eab9b2da8f2d95311648a8f243f4bb13cfb3d8f7f2a3c014122ebb3ed41b02783adc",
301            name: "nagydani_1_square",
302        },
303        Test {
304            input: "\
305            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040\
306            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
307            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040\
308            e09ad9675465c53a109fac66a445c91b292d2bb2c5268addb30cd82f80fcb003\
309            3ff97c80a5fc6f39193ae969c6ede6710a6b7ac27078a06d90ef1c72e5c85fb5\
310            03fc9e1f6beb81516545975218075ec2af118cd8798df6e08a147c60fd6095ac\
311            2bb02c2908cf4dd7c81f11c289e4bce98f3553768f392a80ce22bf5c4f4a248c\
312            6b",
313            expected: "4834a46ba565db27903b1c720c9d593e84e4cbd6ad2e64b31885d944f68cd801f92225a8961c952ddf2797fa4701b330c85c4b363798100b921a1a22a46a7fec",
314            name: "nagydani_1_qube"
315        },
316        Test {
317            input: "\
318            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040\
319            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003\
320            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040\
321            e09ad9675465c53a109fac66a445c91b292d2bb2c5268addb30cd82f80fcb003\
322            3ff97c80a5fc6f39193ae969c6ede6710a6b7ac27078a06d90ef1c72e5c85fb5\
323            010001fc9e1f6beb81516545975218075ec2af118cd8798df6e08a147c60fd60\
324            95ac2bb02c2908cf4dd7c81f11c289e4bce98f3553768f392a80ce22bf5c4f4a\
325            248c6b",
326            expected: "c36d804180c35d4426b57b50c5bfcca5c01856d104564cd513b461d3c8b8409128a5573e416d0ebe38f5f736766d9dc27143e4da981dfa4d67f7dc474cbee6d2",
327            name: "nagydani_1_pow0x10001",
328        },
329        Test {
330            input: "\
331            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000080\
332            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
333            0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000080\
334            cad7d991a00047dd54d3399b6b0b937c718abddef7917c75b6681f40cc15e2be\
335            0003657d8d4c34167b2f0bbbca0ccaa407c2a6a07d50f1517a8f22979ce12a81\
336            dcaf707cc0cebfc0ce2ee84ee7f77c38b9281b9822a8d3de62784c089c9b18dc\
337            b9a2a5eecbede90ea788a862a9ddd9d609c2c52972d63e289e28f6a590ffbf51\
338            02e6d893b80aeed5e6e9ce9afa8a5d5675c93a32ac05554cb20e9951b2c140e3\
339            ef4e433068cf0fb73bc9f33af1853f64aa27a0028cbf570d7ac9048eae5dc7b2\
340            8c87c31e5810f1e7fa2cda6adf9f1076dbc1ec1238560071e7efc4e9565c49be\
341            9e7656951985860a558a754594115830bcdb421f741408346dd5997bb01c2870\
342            87",
343            expected: "981dd99c3b113fae3e3eaa9435c0dc96779a23c12a53d1084b4f67b0b053a27560f627b873e3f16ad78f28c94f14b6392def26e4d8896c5e3c984e50fa0b3aa44f1da78b913187c6128baa9340b1e9c9a0fd02cb78885e72576da4a8f7e5a113e173a7a2889fde9d407bd9f06eb05bc8fc7b4229377a32941a02bf4edcc06d70",
344            name: "nagydani_2_square",
345        },
346        Test {
347            input: "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",
348            expected: "d89ceb68c32da4f6364978d62aaa40d7b09b59ec61eb3c0159c87ec3a91037f7dc6967594e530a69d049b64adfa39c8fa208ea970cfe4b7bcd359d345744405afe1cbf761647e32b3184c7fbe87cee8c6c7ff3b378faba6c68b83b6889cb40f1603ee68c56b4c03d48c595c826c041112dc941878f8c5be828154afd4a16311f",
349            name: "nagydani_2_qube",
350        },
351        Test {
352            input: "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",
353            expected: "ad85e8ef13fd1dd46eae44af8b91ad1ccae5b7a1c92944f92a19f21b0b658139e0cabe9c1f679507c2de354bf2c91ebd965d1e633978a830d517d2f6f8dd5fd58065d58559de7e2334a878f8ec6992d9b9e77430d4764e863d77c0f87beede8f2f7f2ab2e7222f85cc9d98b8467f4bb72e87ef2882423ebdb6daf02dddac6db2",
354            name: "nagydani_2_pow0x10001",
355        },
356        Test {
357            input: "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",
358            expected: "affc7507ea6d84751ec6b3f0d7b99dbcc263f33330e450d1b3ff0bc3d0874320bf4edd57debd587306988157958cb3cfd369cc0c9c198706f635c9e0f15d047df5cb44d03e2727f26b083c4ad8485080e1293f171c1ed52aef5993a5815c35108e848c951cf1e334490b4a539a139e57b68f44fee583306f5b85ffa57206b3ee5660458858534e5386b9584af3c7f67806e84c189d695e5eb96e1272d06ec2df5dc5fabc6e94b793718c60c36be0a4d031fc84cd658aa72294b2e16fc240aef70cb9e591248e38bd49c5a554d1afa01f38dab72733092f7555334bbef6c8c430119840492380aa95fa025dcf699f0a39669d812b0c6946b6091e6e235337b6f8",
359            name: "nagydani_3_square",
360        },
361        Test {
362            input: "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",
363            expected: "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",
364            name: "nagydani_3_qube",
365        },
366        Test {
367            input: "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",
368            expected: "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",
369            name: "nagydani_3_pow0x10001",
370        },
371        Test {
372            input: "000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000200db34d0e438249c0ed685c949cc28776a05094e1c48691dc3f2dca5fc3356d2a0663bd376e4712839917eb9a19c670407e2c377a2de385a3ff3b52104f7f1f4e0c7bf7717fb913896693dc5edbb65b760ef1b00e42e9d8f9af17352385e1cd742c9b006c0f669995cb0bb21d28c0aced2892267637b6470d8cee0ab27fc5d42658f6e88240c31d6774aa60a7ebd25cd48b56d0da11209f1928e61005c6eb709f3e8e0aaf8d9b10f7d7e296d772264dc76897ccdddadc91efa91c1903b7232a9e4c3b941917b99a3bc0c26497dedc897c25750af60237aa67934a26a2bc491db3dcc677491944bc1f51d3e5d76b8d846a62db03dedd61ff508f91a56d71028125035c3a44cbb041497c83bf3e4ae2a9613a401cc721c547a2afa3b16a2969933d3626ed6d8a7428648f74122fd3f2a02a20758f7f693892c8fd798b39abac01d18506c45e71432639e9f9505719ee822f62ccbf47f6850f096ff77b5afaf4be7d772025791717dbe5abf9b3f40cff7d7aab6f67e38f62faf510747276e20a42127e7500c444f9ed92baf65ade9e836845e39c4316d9dce5f8e2c8083e2c0acbb95296e05e51aab13b6b8f53f06c9c4276e12b0671133218cc3ea907da3bd9a367096d9202128d14846cc2e20d56fc8473ecb07cecbfb8086919f3971926e7045b853d85a69d026195c70f9f7a823536e2a8f4b3e12e94d9b53a934353451094b8102df3143a0057457d75e8c708b6337a6f5a4fd1a06727acf9fb93e2993c62f3378b37d56c85e7b1e00f0145ebf8e4095bd723166293c60b6ac1252291ef65823c9e040ddad14969b3b340a4ef714db093a587c37766d68b8d6b5016e741587e7e6bf7e763b44f0247e64bae30f994d248bfd20541a333e5b225ef6a61199e301738b1e688f70ec1d7fb892c183c95dc543c3e12adf8a5e8b9ca9d04f9445cced3ab256f29e998e69efaa633a7b60e1db5a867924ccab0a171d9d6e1098dfa15acde9553de599eaa56490c8f411e4985111f3d40bddfc5e301edb01547b01a886550a61158f7e2033c59707789bf7c854181d0c2e2a42a93cf09209747d7082e147eb8544de25c3eb14f2e35559ea0c0f5877f2f3fc92132c0ae9da4e45b2f6c866a224ea6d1f28c05320e287750fbc647368d41116e528014cc1852e5531d53e4af938374daba6cee4baa821ed07117253bb3601ddd00d59a3d7fb2ef1f5a2fbba7c429f0cf9a5b3462410fd833a69118f8be9c559b1000cc608fd877fb43f8e65c2d1302622b944462579056874b387208d90623fcdaf93920ca7a9e4ba64ea208758222ad868501cc2c345e2d3a5ea2a17e5069248138c8a79c0251185d29ee73e5afab5354769142d2bf0cb6712727aa6bf84a6245fcdae66e4938d84d1b9dd09a884818622080ff5f98942fb20acd7e0c916c2d5ea7ce6f7e173315384518f",
373            expected: "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",
374            name: "nagydani_4_square",
375        },
376        Test {
377            input: "000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000200db34d0e438249c0ed685c949cc28776a05094e1c48691dc3f2dca5fc3356d2a0663bd376e4712839917eb9a19c670407e2c377a2de385a3ff3b52104f7f1f4e0c7bf7717fb913896693dc5edbb65b760ef1b00e42e9d8f9af17352385e1cd742c9b006c0f669995cb0bb21d28c0aced2892267637b6470d8cee0ab27fc5d42658f6e88240c31d6774aa60a7ebd25cd48b56d0da11209f1928e61005c6eb709f3e8e0aaf8d9b10f7d7e296d772264dc76897ccdddadc91efa91c1903b7232a9e4c3b941917b99a3bc0c26497dedc897c25750af60237aa67934a26a2bc491db3dcc677491944bc1f51d3e5d76b8d846a62db03dedd61ff508f91a56d71028125035c3a44cbb041497c83bf3e4ae2a9613a401cc721c547a2afa3b16a2969933d3626ed6d8a7428648f74122fd3f2a02a20758f7f693892c8fd798b39abac01d18506c45e71432639e9f9505719ee822f62ccbf47f6850f096ff77b5afaf4be7d772025791717dbe5abf9b3f40cff7d7aab6f67e38f62faf510747276e20a42127e7500c444f9ed92baf65ade9e836845e39c4316d9dce5f8e2c8083e2c0acbb95296e05e51aab13b6b8f53f06c9c4276e12b0671133218cc3ea907da3bd9a367096d9202128d14846cc2e20d56fc8473ecb07cecbfb8086919f3971926e7045b853d85a69d026195c70f9f7a823536e2a8f4b3e12e94d9b53a934353451094b8103df3143a0057457d75e8c708b6337a6f5a4fd1a06727acf9fb93e2993c62f3378b37d56c85e7b1e00f0145ebf8e4095bd723166293c60b6ac1252291ef65823c9e040ddad14969b3b340a4ef714db093a587c37766d68b8d6b5016e741587e7e6bf7e763b44f0247e64bae30f994d248bfd20541a333e5b225ef6a61199e301738b1e688f70ec1d7fb892c183c95dc543c3e12adf8a5e8b9ca9d04f9445cced3ab256f29e998e69efaa633a7b60e1db5a867924ccab0a171d9d6e1098dfa15acde9553de599eaa56490c8f411e4985111f3d40bddfc5e301edb01547b01a886550a61158f7e2033c59707789bf7c854181d0c2e2a42a93cf09209747d7082e147eb8544de25c3eb14f2e35559ea0c0f5877f2f3fc92132c0ae9da4e45b2f6c866a224ea6d1f28c05320e287750fbc647368d41116e528014cc1852e5531d53e4af938374daba6cee4baa821ed07117253bb3601ddd00d59a3d7fb2ef1f5a2fbba7c429f0cf9a5b3462410fd833a69118f8be9c559b1000cc608fd877fb43f8e65c2d1302622b944462579056874b387208d90623fcdaf93920ca7a9e4ba64ea208758222ad868501cc2c345e2d3a5ea2a17e5069248138c8a79c0251185d29ee73e5afab5354769142d2bf0cb6712727aa6bf84a6245fcdae66e4938d84d1b9dd09a884818622080ff5f98942fb20acd7e0c916c2d5ea7ce6f7e173315384518f",
378            expected: "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",
379            name: "nagydani_4_qube",
380        },
381        Test {
382            input: "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",
383            expected: "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",
384            name: "nagydani_4_pow0x10001",
385        },
386        Test {
387            input: "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",
388            expected: "d61fe4e3f32ac260915b5b03b78a86d11bfc41d973fce5b0cc59035cf8289a8a2e3878ea15fa46565b0d806e2f85b53873ea20ed653869b688adf83f3ef444535bf91598ff7e80f334fb782539b92f39f55310cc4b35349ab7b278346eda9bc37c0d8acd3557fae38197f412f8d9e57ce6a76b7205c23564cab06e5615be7c6f05c3d05ec690cba91da5e89d55b152ff8dd2157dc5458190025cf94b1ad98f7cbe64e9482faba95e6b33844afc640892872b44a9932096508f4a782a4805323808f23e54b6ff9b841dbfa87db3505ae4f687972c18ea0f0d0af89d36c1c2a5b14560c153c3fee406f5cf15cfd1c0bb45d767426d465f2f14c158495069d0c5955a00150707862ecaae30624ebacdd8ac33e4e6aab3ff90b6ba445a84689386b9e945d01823a65874444316e83767290fcff630d2477f49d5d8ffdd200e08ee1274270f86ed14c687895f6caf5ce528bd970c20d2408a9ba66216324c6a011ac4999098362dbd98a038129a2d40c8da6ab88318aa3046cb660327cc44236d9e5d2163bd0959062195c51ed93d0088b6f92051fc99050ece2538749165976233697ab4b610385366e5ce0b02ad6b61c168ecfbedcdf74278a38de340fd7a5fead8e588e294795f9b011e2e60377a89e25c90e145397cdeabc60fd32444a6b7642a611a83c464d8b8976666351b4865c37b02e6dc21dbcdf5f930341707b618cc0f03c3122646b3385c9df9f2ec730eec9d49e7dfc9153b6e6289da8c4f0ebea9ccc1b751948e3bb7171c9e4d57423b0eeeb79095c030cb52677b3f7e0b45c30f645391f3f9c957afa549c4e0b2465b03c67993cd200b1af01035962edbc4c9e89b31c82ac121987d6529dafdeef67a132dc04b6dc68e77f22862040b75e2ceb9ff16da0fca534e6db7bd12fa7b7f51b6c08c1e23dfcdb7acbd2da0b51c87ffbced065a612e9b1c8bba9b7e2d8d7a2f04fcc4aaf355b60d764879a76b5e16762d5f2f55d585d0c8e82df6940960cddfb72c91dfa71f6b4e1c6ca25dfc39a878e998a663c04fe29d5e83b9586d047b4d7ff70a9f0d44f127e7d741685ca75f11629128d916a0ffef4be586a30c4b70389cc746e84ebf177c01ee8a4511cfbb9d1ecf7f7b33c7dd8177896e10bbc82f838dcd6db7ac67de62bf46b6a640fb580c5d1d2708f3862e3d2b645d0d18e49ef088053e3a220adc0e033c2afcfe61c90e32151152eb3caaf746c5e377d541cafc6cbb0cc0fa48b5caf1728f2e1957f5addfc234f1a9d89e40d49356c9172d0561a695fce6dab1d412321bbf407f63766ffd7b6b3d79bcfa07991c5a9709849c1008689e3b47c50d613980bec239fb64185249d055b30375ccb4354d71fe4d05648fbf6c80634dfc3575f2f24abb714c1e4c95e8896763bf4316e954c7ad19e5780ab7a040ca6fb9271f90a8b22ae738daf6cb",
389            name: "nagydani_5_square",
390        },
391        Test {
392            input: "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",
393            expected: "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",
394            name: "nagydani_5_qube",
395        },
396        Test {
397            input: "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",
398            expected: "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",
399            name: "nagydani_5_pow0x10001",
400        }
401    ];
402
403    const BYZANTIUM_GAS: [u64; 19] = [
404        360_217, 13_056, 13_056, 13_056, 204, 204, 3_276, 665, 665, 10_649, 1_894, 1_894, 30_310,
405        5_580, 5_580, 89_292, 17_868, 17_868, 285_900,
406    ];
407
408    const BERLIN_GAS: [u64; 19] = [
409        44_954, 1_360, 1_360, 1_360, 200, 200, 341, 200, 200, 1_365, 341, 341, 5_461, 1_365, 1_365,
410        21_845, 5_461, 5_461, 87_381,
411    ];
412
413    const OSAKA_GAS: [u64; 19] = [
414        453_596, 4_080, 4_080, 4_080, 500, 500, 2_048, 512, 512, 8_192, 2_048, 2_048, 32_768,
415        8_192, 8_192, 131_072, 32_768, 32_768, 524_288,
416    ];
417
418    #[test]
419    fn test_byzantium_modexp_gas() {
420        for (test, &test_gas) in TESTS.iter().zip(BYZANTIUM_GAS.iter()) {
421            let input = hex::decode(test.input).unwrap();
422            let res = byzantium_run(&input, 100_000_000).unwrap();
423            let expected = hex::decode(test.expected).unwrap();
424            assert_eq!(
425                res.gas_used, test_gas,
426                "used gas not matching for test: {}",
427                test.name
428            );
429            assert_eq!(res.bytes, expected, "test:{}", test.name);
430        }
431    }
432
433    #[test]
434    fn test_berlin_modexp_gas() {
435        for (test, &test_gas) in TESTS.iter().zip(BERLIN_GAS.iter()) {
436            let input = hex::decode(test.input).unwrap();
437            let res = berlin_run(&input, 100_000_000).unwrap();
438            let expected = hex::decode(test.expected).unwrap();
439            assert_eq!(
440                res.gas_used, test_gas,
441                "used gas not matching for test: {}",
442                test.name
443            );
444            assert_eq!(res.bytes, expected, "test:{}", test.name);
445        }
446    }
447
448    #[test]
449    fn test_osaka_modexp_gas() {
450        for (test, &test_gas) in TESTS.iter().zip(OSAKA_GAS.iter()) {
451            let input = hex::decode(test.input).unwrap();
452            let res = osaka_run(&input, 100_000_000).unwrap();
453            let expected = hex::decode(test.expected).unwrap();
454            assert_eq!(
455                res.gas_used, test_gas,
456                "used gas not matching for test: {}",
457                test.name
458            );
459            assert_eq!(res.bytes, expected, "test:{}", test.name);
460        }
461    }
462
463    #[test]
464    fn test_berlin_modexp_empty_input() {
465        let res = berlin_run(&Bytes::new(), 100_000).unwrap();
466        let expected: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
467        assert_eq!(res.bytes, expected)
468    }
469
470    #[test]
471    fn test_osaka_modexp_input_len() {
472        #[derive(Debug)]
473        struct TestInput {
474            base_len: U256,
475            exp_len: U256,
476            mod_len: U256,
477            expected: Option<PrecompileError>,
478        }
479
480        impl TestInput {
481            fn input(&self) -> Bytes {
482                let mut input = vec![];
483                input.extend(&self.base_len.to_be_bytes::<32>());
484                input.extend(&self.exp_len.to_be_bytes::<32>());
485                input.extend(&self.mod_len.to_be_bytes::<32>());
486                Bytes::from(input)
487            }
488        }
489
490        let test_inputs = [
491            TestInput {
492                base_len: U256::from(1025),
493                exp_len: U256::from(1024),
494                mod_len: U256::from(1024),
495                expected: Some(PrecompileError::ModexpEip7823LimitSize),
496            },
497            TestInput {
498                base_len: U256::from(1024),
499                exp_len: U256::from(1025),
500                mod_len: U256::from(1024),
501                expected: Some(PrecompileError::ModexpEip7823LimitSize),
502            },
503            TestInput {
504                base_len: U256::from(1024),
505                exp_len: U256::from(1024),
506                mod_len: U256::from(1025),
507                expected: Some(PrecompileError::ModexpEip7823LimitSize),
508            },
509            TestInput {
510                base_len: U256::from(0),
511                exp_len: U256::from(0),
512                mod_len: U256::from(1025),
513                expected: Some(PrecompileError::ModexpEip7823LimitSize),
514            },
515            TestInput {
516                base_len: U256::from(1024),
517                exp_len: U256::from(1024),
518                mod_len: U256::from(1024),
519                expected: Some(PrecompileError::OutOfGas),
520            },
521            TestInput {
522                base_len: U256::from(0),
523                exp_len: U256::from(0),
524                mod_len: U256::from(0),
525                expected: None,
526            },
527        ];
528        for test in test_inputs {
529            let input = test.input();
530            let res = osaka_run(&input, 100_000_000).err();
531            if res != test.expected {
532                panic!("test failed: {test:?} result: {res:?}");
533            }
534        }
535    }
536
537    #[test]
538    fn test_modexp_edge_cases() {
539        // Test case 1: Zero base with non-zero exponent and modulus
540        let input = hex::decode(
541            "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
542             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
543             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
544             00\
545             05\
546             07",
547        )
548        .unwrap();
549        let res = byzantium_run(&input, 100_000).unwrap();
550        assert_eq!(res.bytes, vec![0x00], "0^5 mod 7 should be 0");
551
552        // Test case 2: Base equals modulus
553        let input = hex::decode(
554            "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
555             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
556             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
557             07\
558             03\
559             07",
560        )
561        .unwrap();
562        let res = byzantium_run(&input, 100_000).unwrap();
563        assert_eq!(res.bytes, vec![0x00], "7^3 mod 7 should be 0");
564
565        // Test case 3: Exponent is zero (result should always be 1)
566        let input = hex::decode(
567            "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
568             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000\
569             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
570             05\
571             07",
572        )
573        .unwrap();
574        let res = byzantium_run(&input, 100_000).unwrap();
575        assert_eq!(res.bytes, vec![0x01], "5^0 mod 7 should be 1");
576
577        // Test case 4: Large base with small modulus
578        // Actually, (2^256 - 1) mod 3 = 0, so 0^2 = 0
579        let input = hex::decode(
580            "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020\
581             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
582             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
583             ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff\
584             02\
585             03",
586        )
587        .unwrap();
588        let res = byzantium_run(&input, 100_000).unwrap();
589        // (2^256 - 1) = 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
590        // This is divisible by 3, so (2^256 - 1) mod 3 = 0
591        // Therefore 0^2 mod 3 = 0
592        assert_eq!(
593            res.bytes,
594            vec![0x00],
595            "Large base mod 3 should reduce correctly"
596        );
597    }
598
599    #[test]
600    fn test_modexp_gas_edge_cases() {
601        // Test minimum gas consumption with empty input
602        // Byzantium has min_gas of 0 for empty input
603        let res = byzantium_run(&[], 100_000).unwrap();
604        assert_eq!(
605            res.gas_used, 0,
606            "Empty input should use 0 gas for Byzantium"
607        );
608
609        // Berlin has min_gas of 200
610        let res = berlin_run(&[], 100_000).unwrap();
611        assert_eq!(
612            res.gas_used, 200,
613            "Empty input should use minimum gas 200 for Berlin"
614        );
615
616        // Test gas consumption with very small inputs
617        let input = hex::decode(
618            "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
619             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
620             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
621             01\
622             01\
623             01",
624        )
625        .unwrap();
626        // For Byzantium, check that it computes correctly
627        let res = byzantium_run(&input, 100_000).unwrap();
628        assert_eq!(res.bytes, vec![0x00], "1^1 mod 1 = 0");
629
630        // For Berlin, minimum gas is 200
631        let res = berlin_run(&input, 100_000).unwrap();
632        assert_eq!(res.gas_used, 200, "Berlin should use minimum gas of 200");
633    }
634
635    #[test]
636    fn test_modexp_padding() {
637        // Test that results are properly padded to modulus length
638        let input = hex::decode(
639            "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
640             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
641             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020\
642             02\
643             03\
644             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000101",
645        )
646        .unwrap();
647        let res = byzantium_run(&input, 100_000).unwrap();
648        assert_eq!(
649            res.bytes.len(),
650            32,
651            "Result should be padded to modulus length"
652        );
653        assert_eq!(res.bytes[31], 8, "2^3 mod 257 = 8");
654    }
655
656    #[test]
657    fn test_modexp_berlin_vs_byzantium_gas() {
658        // Test that Berlin gas costs are lower than Byzantium for the same input
659        let input = hex::decode(
660            "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020\
661             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020\
662             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020\
663             ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff\
664             ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff\
665             fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffd",
666        )
667        .unwrap();
668
669        let byzantium_res = byzantium_run(&input, 10_000_000).unwrap();
670        let berlin_res = berlin_run(&input, 10_000_000).unwrap();
671
672        assert!(
673            berlin_res.gas_used < byzantium_res.gas_used,
674            "Berlin gas {} should be less than Byzantium gas {}",
675            berlin_res.gas_used,
676            byzantium_res.gas_used
677        );
678        assert_eq!(
679            byzantium_res.bytes, berlin_res.bytes,
680            "Results should be identical"
681        );
682    }
683
684    #[test]
685    fn test_modexp_osaka_size_limits() {
686        // Test Osaka's 1024-byte limit per parameter
687        let input = hex::decode(
688            "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000400\
689             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
690             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
691             00\
692             01\
693             01",
694        )
695        .unwrap();
696
697        // Should succeed with exactly 1024 bytes
698        let res = osaka_run(&input, 100_000_000);
699        assert!(res.is_ok(), "1024-byte base should be allowed");
700
701        // Test with 1025 bytes - should fail
702        let input_fail = hex::decode(
703            "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000401\
704             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
705             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
706             00\
707             01\
708             01",
709        )
710        .unwrap();
711
712        let res = osaka_run(&input_fail, 100_000_000);
713        assert!(
714            matches!(res, Err(PrecompileError::ModexpEip7823LimitSize)),
715            "1025-byte base should be rejected"
716        );
717    }
718
719    #[test]
720    fn test_modexp_input_truncation() {
721        // Test behavior when input is shorter than expected
722        let input = hex::decode(
723            "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002\
724             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002\
725             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002\
726             ff", // Only 1 byte provided for 2-byte base
727        )
728        .unwrap();
729
730        let res = byzantium_run(&input, 100_000).unwrap();
731        // Should pad with zeros and compute ff00^ff00 mod ff00
732        assert!(res.bytes.len() == 2, "Result should be 2 bytes");
733    }
734
735    #[test]
736    fn test_modexp_maximum_values() {
737        // Test with maximum U256 values
738        let input = hex::decode(
739            "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020\
740             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
741             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020\
742             ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff\
743             01\
744             fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffe",
745        )
746        .unwrap();
747
748        let res = byzantium_run(&input, 10_000_000).unwrap();
749        assert_eq!(res.bytes.len(), 32, "Result should be 32 bytes");
750        // (2^256 - 1)^1 mod (2^256 - 2) = 1
751        assert_eq!(res.bytes[31], 1, "Max value mod (max-1) should be 1");
752    }
753
754    #[test]
755    fn test_modexp_consistency_across_forks() {
756        // Test that all three implementations give same results
757        let test_cases = vec![
758            // Small numbers
759            "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
760             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
761             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\
762             03\
763             04\
764             05",
765            // Larger computation
766            "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008\
767             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008\
768             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008\
769             0123456789abcdef\
770             fedcba9876543210\
771             1000000000000001",
772        ];
773
774        for test_input in test_cases {
775            let input = hex::decode(test_input).unwrap();
776
777            let byzantium_res = byzantium_run(&input, 10_000_000).unwrap();
778            let berlin_res = berlin_run(&input, 10_000_000).unwrap();
779            let osaka_res = osaka_run(&input, 10_000_000).unwrap();
780
781            assert_eq!(
782                byzantium_res.bytes, berlin_res.bytes,
783                "Byzantium and Berlin results should match"
784            );
785            assert_eq!(
786                berlin_res.bytes, osaka_res.bytes,
787                "Berlin and Osaka results should match"
788            );
789        }
790    }
791
792    #[test]
793    fn test_modexp_out_of_gas() {
794        // Test that large inputs properly return out of gas error
795        let input = hex::decode(
796            "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100\
797             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100\
798             0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100",
799        )
800        .unwrap();
801
802        // Provide insufficient gas
803        let res = byzantium_run(&input, 1000);
804        assert!(
805            matches!(res, Err(PrecompileError::OutOfGas)),
806            "Should return OutOfGas error with insufficient gas"
807        );
808    }
809}
revm_precompile/modexp.rs

revm_precompile/
modexp.rs
